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Maatschappelijke Voetbal Vereniging Maastricht (), commonly known as MVV Maastricht (, ) or simply as MVV, is a Dutch professional football club from the city of . Founded on 2 April 1902, MVV Maastricht currently competes in the , the second tier of Dutch football.

Because their crest is based on the city's coat of arms, an armed angel holding a red shield with a white star, they are nicknamed de Sterrendragers ("Wearers of Stars") and, in local dialect, Us MVV'ke ("our little MVV", ). The club's name was formerly Maastrichtse Voetbal Vereniging until 2011, when it was officially changed to include the city name after "MVV."

History
The early years (1902–1946)
In 1902, in an establishment on the famous square, plans were made to found a football team. It started with the name MVC (Maastricht Football Club), but they changed its name often during their first years. It was not until 1908 that their current name MVV (Maastrichtse Voetbal Vereniging) was adopted. From the start in 1902 until 1976 MVV played continuously in the highest Dutch leagues. Periods of top rankings were varied with periods of anonymity. In the 1926–27 season they lost out the Dutch championship by losing a decisive match against SC Enschede. In 1932 they ranked second again, behind champions . The 1935–36, 1938–39 and 1945–46 seasons were also successful, with two second-place finishes. In 1946–47 the team even won their league and was to participate in the champions group. This group was made up of the four champions of each region. Like in 1927, MVV had no success and finished last.

During that period some MVV players were selected for the Dutch national team. A remarkable achievement, given the fact that the KNVB (Dutch Football Association) mostly selected players from teams in the "", Bèr Felix, and Jeu van Bun were selected for the national team.

Post-war MVV (1952–1969)
1952 was an important year for the team. MVV celebrated its 50th anniversary and the call to establish professional football in the became louder. In the 1954–55 season the official KNVB and the professional football organisation (), supported by the newly founded professional teams, put their differences aside and a semi-professional league was born. In the new competition () the top nine teams of the NBVB and the KNVB leagues were to participate. MVV came in third and was allowed entry in the new league.

During the 1950s and 1960s MVV had some good seasons and Fons van Wissen, and were selected for the national team. In 1957 the stadium was expanded to 18,000 seats due to increasing popularity. In 1961 the club moved to the new ground. The popularity of the club led to a total of 100,000 fans passing the stadium entry in the 1969 season. In 1963 the club was given 14 golden stars by a committee of supporters celebrating the period of 50 years in the highest divisions. Since then, the team wore occasionally imitation golden stars, instead of the white star from the city of Maastricht weapon. The sixties were a mixed period of glory and struggling against relegation with no numerous achievements.

The golden years (1970–1974)
Times changed when MVV bought a young player from neighbouring third division team . had an impressive stay there and his debut in the was at age 18. He led the team to some top rankings in the early 1970s and in 1973 he was even voted best player in the Eredivisie and became top scorer. During that period the team arguably played their best football in history. In 11 seasons with MVV Brokamp scored 141 goals. While playing for MVV, he played six times (for six goals) in the national team. Due to a conflict with MVV, who lacked his unprofessional and laid-back attitude, he moved on to .

His former team-mate and current TV analyst, , said the following about him: "He never did a warming-up, because then he would be dead-tired before the match began. In a game against Excelsior he pulled his shirt over his head and did not participate in the game any more, because he was ashamed by the performance of the team. At that time, they travelled by train when playing an away-game. When he overslept, the station chief would hold up the train and waited for Brokamp to arrive."

The yo-yo years (1974–2010)
In 1976 MVV was relegated to the second division (). A disastrous season without Brokamp, who had moved to AFC Ajax in 1974, led to the first relegation in their history. The first year in the second division ended with a third-place finish and the team just missed out on promotion. The second year they finished second and the team won promotion via the promotion/relegation play-offs. In 1980 they beat Ajax in a historic match by 3–6. Still the biggest home-defeat in the old De Meer Stadium for the squad. After some years of mid-table finishes the team was relegated again in 1982.

In 1984 they won the second division, only to be relegated in 1986 for the third time in a short period of time. After earning a promotion in 1988, they were back in the Eredivisie. MVV finally managed to avoid the drop and remained in the highest division until 1995. During that period strikers and Erik Meijer played their caps for the national team and defender was selected for the Belgium national football team. In the 1991–92 and 1992–93 seasons the team finished seventh for two consecutive seasons, nearly achieving European football. In 1992, MVV was voted Team of the Year" by the KNVB, mostly because of their attacking playing style, implemented by coach .

Surprisingly, the 1995 season ended with another relegation. Once again it took the team two years to taste first division football again. A young and talented squad, led by coach and former MVV goalkeeper Frans KΓΆrver, won the second division again in 1997. Almost 50,000 fans celebrated this achievement on the market square. Yet the fifth relegation followed in 2000, forcing the renowned team to celebrate their 100th anniversary in the second division. Breaking with the tradition of promoting after two seasons, MVV even came in 18th in the 2004 season. Their poorest season in history. Currently, the club is still in the second division and occupying a 10th position on the all-time list.

In 2008, it was proposed to merge the Limburgish clubs MVV, Roda JC Kerkrade, and to create a new club called FC Limburg. The merger was however cancelled after the province Limburg denied its backing of the project.

A new beginning (2010–present)
After years of financial troubles, MVV was classified by the KNVB as 'financially healthy' (category 3) at the beginning of the 2011–12 season. This was unique, because never before had a club from category 1 ('insufficient') been promoted directly to category 3 of the financial health list. In the KNVB assessment of 2018, MVV Maastricht had dropped to category 2 ('sufficient').

At the beginning of the 2010–11 season, the club changed its name from 'Maastrichtse Voetbal Vereniging' to 'Maatschappelijke Voetbal Vereniging Maastricht' ("Social Football Club Maastricht") and the club logo and the board also changed. The KNVB had imposed a penalty on the club because of the financial problems in 2010, which meant that the club had to start the competition with an eight-point deduction. Yet, they finished in 10th place; above expectations. MVV would once again reach the promotion play-offs in 2011, 2012 and 2012–13 season, but the club stranded in the first round three consecutive seasons due to elimination by , and again FC Volendam, respectively.

Led by head coach RenΓ© Trost, who was working in his third and final season in , the club competed for the championship in the 2012–13 season from the onset. MVV immediately became period champions of the 1st period, then became and also retained championship ambitions for large parts of the second half of the season. Due to the bankruptcies of and , however, in accordance with the rules of the KNVB, the results played against those clubs were cancelled. At that point, MVV had played against those clubs three times and won three times, meaning MVV had to hand in nine points. Ultimately, MVV ended in fifth place, eleven points behind eventual winners SC Cambuur.

MVV managed to reach the promotion play-offs in 2015–16 and 2016–17. In the play-offs in 2015–16, MVV eliminated FC Volendam in the first round, but were eliminated in the second round by . In the play-offs of 2016–17, MVV managed to reach the final. MVV, who had entered in the second round, defeated Cambuur on their way. In the finals, MVV lost on aggregate to local rivals Roda JC Kerkrade who therefore retained their position in the Eredivisie. The first match was marked by unrest and rioting supporters, and was therefore suspended for 30 minutes.

Support and rivalries
MVV has always been known in the Netherlands as a team with very passionate fans. In the eighties and early nineties, MVV had a notorious hardcore fan base called the Angel Side. The name chosen because of Maastricht's city coat of arms, which features an angel, they were infamous for causing trouble and rioting on numerous occasions throughout the country. Today the group still exists but is weakened by anti-hooliganism legislation and the poor achievements of the team.

The dramatic sportive and financial situation of the team led to some serious incidents. In 2003 when fans gathered around the town hall to listen to the debate over a municipal loan for MVV, eventually leading to riots. Mayor Leers decided that the city of should not support MVV financially anymore and bankruptcy was minutes away. Bricks and bottles were thrown at the and groups of people tried to force their way in the building. , and were attacked, when they tried to leave the town hall. This also led to a massive pitch invasion at the last game of the season.

During the years the fans also protested heavily against a merger with arch-rivals Roda JC Kerkrade and . This led to another pitch invasion and death threats to club directors.

Aside from the rivalries with Roda JC and Fortuna Sittard, MVV also share rivalries with , and . Roda JC-MVV is considered the main rivalry in the Dutch Province of Limburg by both sets of supporters, despite a long period without the two sides playing in the beginning of the millennium, with the two sets of hardcore support regularly clashing and players making the switch between the two clubs receiving death threats. Roda JC are considered by Maastricht supporters as one having a Germanic and , with German flags present in the Kerkrade-based club's stand and the Limburgish anthem being played at every home game. Maastricht on the other hand is known for its distinct Latin, Burgundian identity compared to the rest of the Province.

Ownership and finances
For a time MVV had a reputation as a well-paying team, where older players and former stars could end their career for a substantial compensation. In 1946 MVV even tried to lure the legendary striker to . They offered two Bedford trucks to the Wilkes' family transport corporation for him and his brother Leen. They both accepted. But in a time where football was only played on basis in the , the KNVB discovered the transaction and threatened to ban Wilkes for a long time. So and his brother stayed with their team in . A few years later he moved to Internazionale to become one of the first professional football players from the Netherlands. The KNVB banned him for nearly five years.

In 1983, under the reign of MP Max Tripels, the club got into a financial abyss. The debt was 4.5 million guilders. Tripels asked horse and construction billionaire LΓ©on Melchior to reorganise the finances. In cooperation with others, Melchior started a project for a new stadium and in 1986 the municipal government gave the Geusselt ground to MVV. They even gave the team 3.7 million for the new stadium. But when Melchior started making ambitious plans and wanted to invest heavily in MVV, he was forced out by an old boys network, who had ruled MVV for a long time. The old stadium was renovated but a new one never came.

In 1993, the team was hit with another blow. The (Fiscal Police) raided the offices of MVV and arrested chairman Karl Dittrich, director Ron Weijzen and former chairman Bert Lieben. The reason for the arrests were the claims made by former financial administrator Marcel Koenen, who was arrested for stealing from the bank accounts of MVV. The directors were accused of , and . Dittrich admitted that talks were held over bribing after the match and the FIOD found a curious flow of funds but charges were dropped because the evidence was not sufficient. The claims of and stood and Dittrich settled the case.

In 2001, just before their 100th anniversary in 2002, disaster struck again. The financial situation was bad and bankruptcy was only minutes away. The question was again whether MVV would celebrate their 100th anniversary. Yet again, MVV management decided to go to the municipal government. With arguments such as "the bankruptcy of the Sport7 channel caused the bad financial situation" and "MVV is very important to the people of " etc. they were able to convince mayor and the . So eventually they managed to keep the club alive for 2002. MVV had a debt of 1.5 million euros and the last solution was to go to the municipal government again, for the second time within only a couple of years. But this time, in April 2003, they refused. According to newly appointed mayor Leers, "the town could not grant MVV yet another loan because the citizens would not accept it." However, thousands of people gathered around the town hall to protest the intentions of the municipal government. Later, just in time, billionaire LΓ©on Melchior saved the club again by paying off its debts. Currently, the club has reorganised their finances and is building on a solid financial basis.

Stadium
In the early days MVV changed grounds often, starting by playing promotional games on the square. They moved to a cycling track on the edge of the city, before finally creating their own ground at the location. The stadium was given the same name. It is claimed that the first MVV players themselves raised the pasture to create a playable pitch. Later on stands were built, improved and enlarged during various periods in time.

In January 1962 they moved to their current ground at the Geusselt terrain. Again, the name of the location also became the name of the stadium. The Geusselt was restructured at different occasions. In a first major reconstruction the athletic track was removed, the pitch was turned 90 degrees and newly built seat-only stands reduced the capacity of the ground. In the new millennium the open corners of the stadium were closed and the last stand-only stand was replaced by a seat-only stand. Currently the stadium has a capacity of approximately 10,000.

Honours

Results
ImageSize = width:800 height:60 PlotArea = left:10 right:10 bottom:30 top:10 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal format:yyyy DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1990 till:01/01/2024 ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:1 start:1990 Colors = 
 id:bl1  value:rgb(0.9,0.9,0.3)
 id:bl2  value:rgb(0.5,0.8,0.5)
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 id:rn  value:rgb(0.9,0.1,0.1)

PlotData= 

 bar:Position width:15 color:white align:center
     

 from:01/01/1990 till:01/01/1991  shift:(0,-4) text:15
 from:01/01/1991 till:01/01/1992  shift:(0,-4) text:7
 from:01/01/1992 till:01/01/1993  shift:(0,-4) text:7
 from:01/01/1993 till:01/01/1994  shift:(0,-4) text:10
 from:01/01/1994 till:01/01/1995  shift:(0,-4) text:16
 from:01/01/1995 till:01/01/1996  shift:(0,-4) text:11
 from:01/01/1996 till:01/01/1997  shift:(0,-4) text:1
 from:01/01/1997 till:01/01/1998  shift:(0,-4) text:15
 from:01/01/1998 till:01/01/1999  shift:(0,-4) text:14
 from:01/01/1999 till:01/01/2000  shift:(0,-4) text:16
 from:01/01/2000 till:01/01/2001  shift:(0,-4) text:13
 from:01/01/2001 till:01/01/2002  shift:(0,-4) text:14
 from:01/01/2002 till:01/01/2003  shift:(0,-4) text:16
 from:01/01/2003 till:01/01/2004  shift:(0,-4) text:18
 from:01/01/2004 till:01/01/2005  shift:(0,-4) text:14
 from:01/01/2005 till:01/01/2006  shift:(0,-4) text:13
 from:01/01/2006 till:01/01/2007  shift:(0,-4) text:13
 from:01/01/2007 till:01/01/2008  shift:(0,-4) text:5
 from:01/01/2008 till:01/01/2009  shift:(0,-4) text:6
 from:01/01/2009 till:01/01/2010  shift:(0,-4) text:10
 from:01/01/2010 till:01/01/2011  shift:(0,-4) text:10
 from:01/01/2011 till:01/01/2012  shift:(0,-4) text:8
 from:01/01/2012 till:01/01/2013  shift:(0,-4) text:5
 from:01/01/2013 till:01/01/2014  shift:(0,-4) text:11
 from:01/01/2014 till:01/01/2015  shift:(0,-4) text:11
 from:01/01/2015 till:01/01/2016  shift:(0,-4) text:10
 from:01/01/2016 till:01/01/2017  shift:(0,-4) text:7
 from:01/01/2017 till:01/01/2018  shift:(0,-4) text:10
 from:01/01/2018 till:01/01/2019  shift:(0,-4) text:12
 from:01/01/2019 till:01/01/2020  shift:(0,-4) text:15
 from:01/01/2020 till:01/01/2021  shift:(0,-4) text:11
 from:01/01/2021 till:01/01/2022  shift:(0,-4) text:16
 from:01/01/2022 till:01/01/2023  shift:(0,-4) text:5
 from:01/01/2023 till:01/01/2024  shift:(0,-4) text:9
     

from:01/01/1990 till:01/01/1995  color:bl2  shift:(0,13)  text: "[[Eredivisie]]"
from:01/01/1995 till:01/01/1997  color:bl1  shift:(0,13)  text: "[[Eerste Divisie]]"
from:01/01/1997 till:01/01/2000  color:bl2  shift:(0,13)  text: "[[Eredivisie]]"
from:01/01/2000 till:01/01/2024 color:bl1  shift:(0,13)  text: "[[Eerste Divisie]]"

Below is a table with MVV's domestic results since the introduction of professional football in 1956.

2023–24 Eerste Divisie9th β€“2023–24first round
2022–23 Eerste Divisie5thpromotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion2022–23first round
2021–22 Eerste Divisie16th–2021–22second round
2020–21 Eerste Divisie11th–2020–21round of 16
2019–20 Eerste Divisie15th–2019–20first round
2018–19 Eerste Divisie12th–2018–19first round
2017–18 Eerste Divisie10thpromotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion2017–18first round
2016–17 Eerste Divisie7thpromotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion2016–17first round
2015–16 Eerste Divisie10th β€“2015–16second round
2014–15 Eerste Divisie11th β€“2014–15third round
2013–14 Eerste Divisie11th β€“2013–14second round
2012–13 Eerste Divisie5thpromotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion2012–13second round
2011–12 Eerste Divisie8thpromotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion2011–12third round
2010–11 Eerste Divisie10thpromotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion2010–11third round
2009–10 Eerste Divisie10th β€“2009–10second round
2008–09 Eerste Divisie6thpromotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion2008–09second round
2007–08 Eerste Divisie5thpromotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion2007–08third round
2006–07 Eerste Divisie13th β€“2006–07round of 16
2005–06 Eerste Divisie13th β€“2005–06quarter-final
2004–05 Eerste Divisie14th β€“2004–05first round
2003–04 Eerste Divisie18th β€“2003–04second round
2002–03 Eerste Divisie16th β€“2002–03third round
2001–02 Eerste Divisie14th β€“2001–02group stage
2000–01 Eerste Divisie13th β€“2000–01third round
1999–2000 Eredivisie16th (losing prom./releg. play-offs)1999–00second round
1998–99 Eredivisie14th β€“1998–99second round
1997–98 Eredivisie15th β€“1997–98second round
1996–97 Eerste Divisie1st (promotion)1996–97group stage
1995–96 Eerste Divisie11th β€“1995–96quarter-final
1994–95 Eredivisie16th (losing prom./releg. play-offs)1994–95second round
1993–94 Eredivisie10th β€“1993–94round of 16
1992–93 Eredivisie7th β€“1992–93round of 16
1991–92 Eredivisie7th β€“1991–92third round
1990–91 Eredivisie15th β€“1990–91second round
1989–90 Eredivisie15th β€“1989–90second round
1988–89 Eredivisie14th β€“1988–89second round
1987–88 Eerste Divisie3rd (winning promotion competition)1987–88second round
1986–87 Eerste Divisie5th β€“1986–87second round
1985–86 Eredivisie16th (relegation)1985–86first round
1984–85 Eredivisie14th β€“1984–85quarter-final
1983–84 Eerste Divisie1st (promotion)1983–84second round
1982–83 Eerste Divisie4thpromotion competition: no promotion1982–83first round
1981–82 Eredivisie16th (relegation)1981–82round of 16
1980–81 Eredivisie8th β€“1980–81round of 16
1979–80 Eredivisie11th β€“1979–80second round
1978–79 Eredivisie11th β€“1978–79second round
1977–78 Eerste Divisie2nd (winning promotion competition)1977–78first round
1976–77 Eerste Divisie3rdpromotion competition: no promotion1976–77quarter-final
1975–76 Eredivisie17th (relegation)1975–76second round
1974–75 Eredivisie11th β€“1974–75second round
1973–74 Eredivisie11th β€“1973–74second round
1972–73 Eredivisie7th β€“1972–73second round
1971–72 Eredivisie10th β€“1971–72round of 16
1970–71 Eredivisie13th β€“1970–71second round
1969–70 Eredivisie8th β€“1969–70round of 16
1968–69 Eredivisie13th β€“1968–69second round
1967–68 Eredivisie13th β€“1967–68round of 16
1966–67 Eredivisie11th β€“1966–67round of 16
1965–66 Eredivisie15th β€“1965–66round of 16
1964–65 Eredivisie8th β€“1964–65first round
1963–64 Eredivisie11th β€“1963–64first round
1962–63 Eredivisie9th β€“1962–63quarter-final
1961–62 Eredivisie6th β€“1961–62?
1960–61 Eredivisie14th β€“1960–61?
1959–60 Eredivisie13th β€“not heldnot held
1958–59 Eredivisie8th β€“1958–59?
1957–58 Eredivisie5th β€“1957–58?
1956–57 Eredivisie4th β€“1956–57?

Players
Current squad

Club officials
Gerry Oste
Nico Bruijnen
Bryan Heijnen
Wouter Ganzevles
Joep van Maasakkers
Dave Velraeds
Bert van Marwijk
Lei Bovens
John Sliepen
Ingmar Cosemans
Ronny Van Geneugden

Managerial history

External links

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